1. Arnold Schoenberg, unpublished manuscript (ASI). See Rufer, Works of Arnold Schoenberg, 149, where it is listed as B. 16.: "Adress [ sic ]: Driven into Paradise. 9.10.1935."

2. Arnold Schoenberg, "Why No Great American Music?" (1934), in Style and Idea, 176-181, esp. 176.

3. Arnold Schoenberg, unpublished manuscript (ASI). See Rufer, Works of Arnold Schoenberg, 157, where it is listed as C.228.: "Some problems for the educator" (n.d.).

4. Roger Sessions, "Vienna — Vale, Ave," Modern Music 15/4 (May-June 1938), 203-208, esp. 206.

5. See Roger Sessions, "Schoenberg in the United States," Tempo 9 (December 1944), 2-7, esp. 2.

6. Mark Brunswick, "Refugee Musicians in America," Saturday Review of Literature 9 (26 January 1946), 50-51.

7. Ibid., 50.

8. In 1950 Albert Goldberg, a music critic for the Los Angeles Times, requested from a number of émigré composers their opinion regarding the effects of transplantation on their work. The responses appeared in the Times column "The Sounding Board," on 14, 21, and 28 May of that year. The column of 14 May contained Schoenberg's statement.

9. Ernst Krenek, "Amerikas Einfluss auf eingewanderte Komponisten," Musica 13 (December 1959), 757-761, esp. 761.

10. Arnold Schoenberg, "Folkloristic Symphonies," in Style and Idea, 161-166, esp. 166.

11. Schoenberg to K. Aram, 15 November 1947, Schoenberg Letters, no. 218, 249-250, esp. 250.

12. Elliott Carter, "The Changing Scene, New York, 1940," Modern Music 17/4 (May-June 1940); reprinted in The Writings of Elliott Carter: An American Composer Looks at Modern Music, ed. Else Stone and Kurt Stone (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1977), 81-85, esp. 81.

13. Roger Sessions, "Music in a Business Economy," Berkeley: A Journal of Modern Culture, July 1948; reprinted in Roger Sessions on Music: Collected Essays, ed. Edward T. Cone (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1979), 164-165.

14. Arnold Schoenberg, "An Answer to Aaron Copland's Reply," 23 December 1949, ASC/LC.

15. Copland to Schoenberg, 13 February 1950, ASI.

16. Schoenberg to Copland, 21 February 1950, ASI.

17. Arnold Schoenberg, "The Blessing of the Dressing," in Style and Idea, 382-386, esp. 386.

18. Schoenberg to Ernst Krenek, 1 December 1939, Schoenberg Letters, no. 183, 210.

19. Oscar Levant, A Smattering of Ignorance (New York: Doubleday, 1940), 125.

20. Schoenberg to Leonard Meyer, 5 December 1940, ASI.

21. Ernst Toch, The Shaping Forces in Music (New York: Criterion Music Corp, 1948).

22. Ernst Toch to Elizabeth Coolidge, 19 January 1942, Ernst Toch Collection, Library of Congress.

23. For more information about Schoenberg's approaches to teaching, see Alan Lessem, "Teaching Americans Music: Some Emigré Composer Viewpoints, ca. 1930-1955," Journal of the Arnold Schoenberg Institute 11/1 (1988), 4-22.

24. Arnold Schoenberg, interview with William Lundell (ASI). Listed in Rufer, Works of Arnold Schoenberg, as B.9.: "First American Broadcast. 19.11.1933."

25. Schoenberg to Leroy Allen, chair of the Department of Music at UCLA, 7 June 1934, ASI.

26. Schoenberg to Hanns Eisler, 20 August 1934, ASI.

27. Arnold Schoenberg, "The Blessing of the Dressing," in Style and Idea, 382-386, esp. 385.

28. Lou Harrison to Schoenberg, 4 November 1944, ASI.

29. Roger Sessions to Schoenberg, 30 October 1947. Published in The Correspondence of Roger Sessions, ed. Andrea Olmstead (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1992), 349-350.

30. A copy of the letter, dated 28 April 1950, is in the Koldolfsky Collection, ASI.