Year

Europe (including Great Britain)^a

%

Great Britain

%

Continental Europe (including Spain)

%

U.S.^b

%

California and Pacific Ports

%

Australia

%

China, Japan, and Hong Kong^c

%

Other

%

1840

7,581

48

3,359

21

0

0

2,846

18

0

0

2,087

13

1841

6,199

42

3,137

21

0

0

2,846

19

0

0

2,720

18

1847

6,594

26

1,186

5

5,828

23

262

1

11,055

44

0

0

0

0

1848

4,638

29

4,898

31

0

0

6,479

40

0

0

0

0

1849

11,684

50

5,660

24

0

0

6,165

26

0

0

0

0

1850

9,293

32

3,215

11

4,928

17

1,843

6

9,004

31

0

0

806

3

1851

8,081

28

7,363

26

1,992

7

10,961

39

0

0

0

0

1852

7,821

29

9,054

34

389

1

9,460

35

0

0

0

0

1853

12,557

36

12,877

37

274

1

9,210

26

0

0

0

0

1854

28,063

62

705

2

6,465

14

102

0

9,320

21

636

1

0

0

1855

16,029

33

1,910

4

12,903

26

1,038

2

12,737

26

4,576

9

0

0

1856

25,119

51

9,421

19

511

1

14,483

29

0

0

0

0

1858

19,972

57

1,091

3

1,014

3

2,849

8

9,321

26

981

3

11

0

1860

26,699

46

2,986

5

13,416

23

4,412

8

11,152

19

0

0

0

0

1861

26,723

50

263

0

4,963

9

2,668

5

18,848

35

0

0

0

0

1862

38,207

47

1,181

1

6,586

8

4,227

5

28,869

35

2,969

4

0

0

1863

27,318

36

832

1

3,477

5

4,863

6

15,672

21

24,052

32

0

0

1864

42,526

66

427

1

6,448

10

9,188

14

1,823

3

4,388

7

0

0

1865

20,618

37

954

2

4,359

8

8,334

15

11,728

21

10,069

18

0

0

1866

29,889

54

696

1

5,451

10

8,366

15

3,665

7

7,649

14

0

0

1867

32,224

49

1,817

3

6,255

10

5,193

8

7,739

12

12,367

19

0

0

1868

52,038

69

671

1

11,787

16

2,797

4

6,158

8

1,818

2

0

0

1869

32,570

47

444

1

21,842

31

7,667

11

7,318

10

91

0

0

0

1870

41,198

52

2,344

3

19,345

24

4,166

5

7,271

9

5,144

6

0

0

1871

35,302

40

3,650

4

34,669

39

6,340

7

8,877

10

31

0

0

0

1872

53,620

55

2,810

3

24,810

26

7,926

8

7,394

8

499

1

0

0

1873

35,832

39

4,540

5

27,852

31

8,544

9

13,868

15

136

0

0

0

1874

42,306

40

2,586

2

37,633

36

14,406

14

8,051

8

549

1

0

0

1875

64,087

50

1,806

1

42,362

33

12,045

9

7,827

6

88

0

0

0

1876

50,144

38

1,574

1

60,419

46

19,372

15

990

1

22

0

0

0

1877

56,296

45

2,569

2

56,023

45

9,326

7

0

0

163

0

0

0

1878

47,320

39

3,183

3

47,764

40

17,163

14

1,708

1

2,681

2

0

0

1879

70,261

51

2,203

2

54,092

39

2,885

2

0

0

7,528

5

0

0

1880

70,939

39

4,562

2

99,480

54

5,129

3

584

0

2,958

2

0

0

1881

110,658

52

9,685

5

81,710

38

5,028

2

3,170

1

2,231

1

2,369

1

1882

67,224

44

3,213

2

77,126

50

2,114

1

1,584

I

1,488

1

658

0

1883

57,213

26

9,362

4

142,915

65

9,016

4

0

0

186

0

0

0

1884

19,022

15

8,203

7

78,430

63

12,637

10

0

0

6,607

5

0

0

1885

33,827

16

4,242

2

150,373

69

5,257

2

0

0

22,859

11

0

0

1886

26,873

14

5,529

3

132,985

70

4,064

2

0

0

19,317

10

1

0

1887

30,367

17

4,582

3

120,908

66

4,572

3

90

0

21,505

12

1

0

1888

31,655

17

4,703

3

75,253

41

34,844

19

87

0

26,955

15

10,669

6

1889

55,755

25

5,205

2

114,025

51

18,105

8

0

0

14,387

6

14,964

7

1890

40,684

27

3,989

3

36,052

24

5,228

3

5

0

36,621

24

27,315

18

1891

49,603

29

2,375

1

60,986

36

0

0

0

0

19,012

11

37,157

22

1892

75,023

30

3,081

1

62,530

25

0

0

0

0

77,442

31

33,098

13

Destination of Philippine Sugar Exports, 1840-1920 (continued)

Year

Europe (including Great Britain)^a

%

Great Britain

%

Continental Europe (including Spain)

%

U.S. ^b

%

California and Pacific Ports

%

Australia

%

China, Japan, and Hong Kong^c

%

Other

%

1893

100,155

38

4,414

2

62,084

23

0

0

0

0

79,310

30

19,925

7

1894

62,121

31

4,185

2

37,005

19

0

0

0

0

73,335

37

20,794

11

1895

93,693

40

4,073

2

41,245

18

0

0

203

0

76,089

32

19,327

8

1896

39,943

17

3,604

2

79,749

34

0

0

0

0

89,850

38

20,458

9

1897

47,792

23

1,804

I

15,467

8

0

0

0

0

130,998

64

9,277

5

1898

47,531

26

183

0

28,447

15

0

0

0

0

107,563

59

0

0

1899

18,256

19

2

0

22,460

24

0

0

0

0

53,831

57

0

0

1900

12,953

20

0

0

2,134

3

0

0

0

0

48,665

76

0

0

1901

27

0

0

0

2,007

4

0

0

0

0

51,079

96

0

0

1902

6,007

6

0

0

2,591

3

0

0

0

0

84,953

91

0

0

1903

0

0

0

0

34,349

38

0

0

0

0

56,650

62

0

0

1904

4,420

5

0

0

21,228

25

0

0

0

0

59,683

70

0

0

1905

508

0

0

0

43,619

41

0

0

0

0

62,552

59

0

0

1906

0

0

0

0

0

0

11,914

9

0

0

114,466

91

0

0

1907

11,850

10

0

0

8,838

7

2,034

2

0

0

101,215

82

0

0

1908

10,859

8

0

0

46,046

33

0

0

0

0

81,554

59

0

0

1909

0

0

0

0

45,565

37

6,730

5

0

0

72,420

58

0

0

1910

0

0

0

0

98,886

84

0

0

0

0

19,267

16

0

0

1911

4,753

2

0

0

188,395

90

0

0

0

0

16,557

8

0

0

1912

3,542

2

0

0

132,618

68

0

0

0

0

58,724

30

0

0

1913

0

0

0

0

30,628

20

0

0

0

0

124,366

80

0

0

1914

5,384

2

0

0

169,463

72

0

0

0

0

60,537

26

0

0

1915

20,361

10

0

0

82,869

39

0

0

0

0

106,981

51

0

0

1916

63,121

19

0

0

134,601

40

0

0

0

0

140,345

42

0

0

1917

3,987

2

0

0

64,858

31

0

0

0

0

138,356

67

0

0

1918

0

0

0

0

102,506

40

0

0

0

0

155,469

60

0

0

1919

4,832

4

314

0

32,161

24

0

0

0

0

98,669

73

85

0

1920

0

0

1

0

123,947

69

0

0

0

0

56,336

31

56

0

Sources: Gúia de forasteros en las lslas Filipinas, para el año de 1842 (Manila: Sanchez, 1842), p. 216; Robert MacMicking, Recollections of Manilla and the Philippines, During 1848, 1849, and 1850 (London: Richard Bentley,1851}, pp. 270, 272; Henry T. Ellis, Hong Kong to Manilla and the Lakes of Luzon, in the Philippine Isles, in the Year 1856 (London: Smith, Elder, 1859), p. 288; Russell, Sturgis and Company, "Principal Articles of Export in 1854 and 1855," Market Reports , January 7,1856 (Baker Library, Harvard University); John Bowering, A Visit to the Philippine Islands (In 1858) (Manila: Filipiniana Book Guild, 1963), p. 194; Manuel Azcarraga y Palermo, La libertad de comercio in las Islas Filipinas (Madrid: José Noguera, 1871), p. 246; Willett and Gray, Weekly Statistical Sugar Trade Journal , December 23, 1908, p. 447; Alexander R. Webb, "Sugar and Rice Culture in the Philippine Islands," U.S. Consular Reports 27 (1888): 244; Chamber of Commerce of the Philippine Islands, Yearbook of the Philippine Islands , 1920 (Manila: Bureau of Printing, 1920), p. 154; Philippine Islands Bureau of Customs, Annual Report of the Collector of Insular Customs , 1922 (Manila: Bureau of Printing, 1922), p. 261.

^a Where no separate figures for Great Britain and Continental Europe (mainly Spain) exist.

^b Figures from 1908 include small shipments to Canada as well.

^c Figures from 1862 include both China and Japan and, apparently, Hong Kong.